Meme on the outside. Chain-key on the inside.
A pup that will not drop the coin.
Hold the pup. Play the game.
2016
DFINITY Foundation, Zug.
A public network that could be the website.
The design.
Canisters run WebAssembly. Motoko. Cycles flip gas, the app pays, the visitor does not.
The page.
A canister serves HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and media. The browser asks the network.
The host.
On most other chains the contract can stay up while the site goes down, because the site is rented from a cloud host. In October 2025 an Amazon Web Services outage did that to apps on Ethereum, Base, and Arbitrum, blocks kept coming, people could not reach the apps. DFINITY's line is that ICP is the only chain that hosts the whole app. The checkable part is that the page, the program, and the data can all sit in canisters.
The disk.
Stable memory up to 500 gigabytes in one canister. DFINITY's published comparison, a few dollars a month per gigabyte here, hundreds of millions of dollars per gigabyte on Ethereum.
May 2021
Genesis.
The Network Nervous System takes upgrades.
2022
HTTPS outcalls, and Bitcoin integration.
The network signs. Nobody keeps the private key.
April 2023
ckBTC.
One for one, a transfer in a second or two, negligible fee.
The twins.
Ether and chain-key dollar tokens. A canister can call Ethereum. An SNS lets an app's community govern it. Internet Identity uses a passkey.
The pup.
CkPup is an unofficial sketch on that bitcoin. This page holds none of it.